Which organization, founded in 1966, advocated for equal employment opportunities, abortion rights, and an Equal Rights Amendment?

• A. ACLU
• B. National Organization for Women (NOW)
• C. Planned Parenthood
• D. National Women's Party

Answer: (B)

The main idea being tested is recognizing a key organization that emerged in the 1960s to push for broad gender equality, including workplace rights, reproductive choice, and constitutional protection for women.

The correct choice is the National Organization for Women. Founded in 1966, NOW brought together activists to push for equal employment opportunities, arguing against workplace discrimination and fighting for legal reforms that would ensure women could participate in the labor force on equal terms. It also championed abortion rights as part of women’s freedom to make decisions about their own bodies, and it supported the push for an Equal Rights Amendment to guarantee constitutional equality regardless of sex. This combination of goals—employment equality, reproductive rights, and constitutional equality—was central to NOW’s mission and its influence in the feminist movement of that era.

For context, other organizations do not fit the specific 1966 founding and the particular mix of goals. The ACLU is a long-standing civil liberties group founded earlier that focuses on a broad range of rights, not a single movement centered on women's equality in the 1960s. Planned Parenthood is a reproductive health organization with a long history, but its focus is on health services rather than founding a nationwide equal-rights campaign or the ERA as its primary banner. The National Women’s Party, while instrumental in the push for the ERA, originated in 1916 and was not the 1966-founded group driving the ERA, equal employment opportunities, and abortion rights together in the modern feminist movement.